At first, you need to solve such question that is a generic situation or an exception. According to wikipedia, sneeze is confined as convulsive expulsion of air from the lungs through the nose and mouth, usually resulting from foreign particles irritating the nasal mucosa. So we know that it is an spasmodic involuntary action. Our eyes are highly connected to our nerves so that it can react to any changes in our body. In some cases, even the smallest things floating in the air like dusts can cause a sneeze, so just don't worry about the occational sneeze. You are too hard sneezing to hurt your eyes by changing the pressure in your cranial cavity, which change your IOP (intraocular pressure) consequently. Blowing your nose and wash your hand, it will get better later, as do your eyes. However, if it often occurs, you need head to your opticians to see if it is a intracranial disease, or even severe pathological changes of nose.
